Hamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki olan hangimizin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 yaratan Allah (cc)\u2019ya aittir. Salat ve selam \u00f6nderimiz ve rehberimiz Hz. Muhammed (sav)\u2019e onun ehli beytine, dinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 konusunda bizlere \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil eden ashab\u0131na ve t\u00fcm M\u00fcminlerin \u00fczerine olsun.<\/p>\n
Ge\u00e7en yaz\u0131m\u0131zda teklifi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda vaz\u2019i h\u00fck\u00fcmleri i\u015fleyece\u011fiz. (in\u015faAllah)<\/p>\n
Vaz\u2019\u012b H\u00fck\u00fcmler<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n Tan\u0131m:<\/u> Vaz\u2019\u00ee h\u00fckm\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle tan\u0131mlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr: \u015e\u00e2ri\u2019in iki \u015feyden birinin di\u011feri i\u00e7in sebep, \u015fart, r\u00fck\u00fcn veya m\u00e2n\u00ee te\u015fkil etmesini gerektiren hitab\u0131 veya bu hitab\u0131n sonucudur. Mesela \u015e\u00e2ri\u2019, nisab\u0131 zek\u00e2t\u0131n vacip olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir sebep; abdesti, namaz\u0131n ge\u00e7erli say\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir \u015fart, varisin m\u00fbrisini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmesini ise, miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa m\u00e2n\u00ee k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1- Sebep: <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n Sebep s\u00f6zl\u00fckte, yol veya ip gibi bir maksada ula\u015ft\u0131ran vas\u0131ta anlamlar\u0131na gelmektedir. Terim olarak sebep, \u015e\u00e2ri\u2019in varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, yoklu\u011funu da h\u00fckm\u00fcn yoklu\u011funa al\u00e2met k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durum demektir. Vaktin girmesi namaz\u0131n; Ramazan hilalinin g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi orucun, h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7u, h\u0131rs\u0131za h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k cezas\u0131 verilmesinin; yolculuk, ramazan ay\u0131nda oru\u00e7 tutmaman\u0131n mubah olmas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sebepler bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman onlara ba\u011flanan sonu\u00e7lar da bulunmaz. Vakit girmemi\u015fse namaz k\u0131lmak; Ramazan hilali g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015fse oru\u00e7 tutmak, h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7u yoksa cezas\u0131 da s\u00f6z konusu olamaz. Sebepler mevcut olunca zorunlu olarak onlara ba\u011flanan sonu\u00e7lar da (m\u00fcsebbebler) bulunur.<\/p>\n Sebeplerin kendilerine ba\u011flanan sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011furmas\u0131 \u015e\u00e2ri\u2019in h\u00fck\u00fcm ve iradesiyle oldu\u011fundan m\u00fckellefin raz\u0131 olup olmamas\u0131 bunda etkili olmaz. Nik\u00e2h s\u0131ras\u0131nda e\u015fler erke\u011fin mehir ve nafaka \u00f6dememesi konusunda anla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olsalar bile erkek yine mehir ve nafaka \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc mehir ve nafakan\u0131n sebebi olan nik\u00e2h akdi mevcuttur. Zorunlu olarak nik\u00e2h kendisine \u015e\u00e2ri\u2019 taraf\u0131ndan ba\u011flanan sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011furacakt\u0131r. Tabi\u00ee olarak sebebin sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken \u015fartlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olmas\u0131 ve herhangi bir engelin de bulunmamas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n 2-\u015eart: <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n \u015eart kelimesi s\u00f6zl\u00fckte, bir \u015feyden ayr\u0131lmayan al\u00e2met anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Terim olarak, bir \u015feyin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kendi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olup onun yap\u0131s\u0131ndan bir par\u00e7a te\u015fkil etmeyen \u015feydir. Namaz i\u00e7in abdest, zek\u00e2t i\u00e7in nisap \u00fczerinden bir y\u0131l ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131, nik\u00e2h akdi i\u00e7in iki \u015fahit bulundurma birer \u015fartt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc abdest yoksa ge\u00e7erli bir namaz\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bir y\u0131l ge\u00e7memi\u015fse zek\u00e2t\u0131n vacip olmas\u0131ndan, iki \u015fahit yoksa ge\u00e7erli bir nik\u00e2h akdinden s\u00f6z edilemez.<\/p>\n Sebepten farkl\u0131 olarak \u015fart\u0131n bulunmas\u0131, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu \u015farta ba\u011fl\u0131 olan \u015feyin de varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmez. Mesela abdestin bulunmas\u0131 namaz\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, iki \u015fahidin bulunmas\u0131 da nik\u00e2h akdinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmez. Oysa sebebin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kendisine ba\u011flanan sonucun da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu, \u015fart ile sebebi birbirinden ay\u0131ran bir \u00f6zelliktir.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u015eer\u2019\u00ee \u015fartlar kendi aras\u0131nda ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. <\/u><\/p>\n 1) Sebebi tamamlayan \u015fart<\/u>. Zek\u00e2t\u0131n vacip olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in nisap zenginlik alameti olan bir sebeptir. Nisap miktar\u0131 mala sahip olduktan sonar \u00fczerinden bir y\u0131l\u0131n ge\u00e7mesi nisab\u0131n sebep omas\u0131n\u0131 tamamlayan bir \u015fartt\u0131r. O halde nisap miktar\u0131 mala sahip olduktan sonra bir y\u0131l ge\u00e7medik\u00e7e nisap zenginlik alameti say\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n 2) M\u00fcsebbebi (sonucu) tamamlayan \u015fart<\/u>. Akrabal\u0131k miras sonucu do\u011furan bir sebeptir. M\u00fbrisin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda v\u00e2risin hayatta olmas\u0131 ise miras\u0131n \u015fart\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fbrisin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda v\u00e2ris hayatta de\u011filse \u015fart\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in miras s\u00f6z konusu olamaz.<\/p>\n 3-R\u00fck\u00fcn:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n Bir b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc meydana getiren par\u00e7a ve unsurlara r\u00fck\u00fcn denir ki, o par\u00e7a olmay\u0131nca b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn meydana gelmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz. Mesela sat\u0131m, nik\u00e2h, icare gibi akitlerin r\u00fckn\u00fc icab ve kabuld\u00fcr. \u0130badetlerden namazda k\u0131yam, k\u0131raat r\u00fck\u00fb\u2019 ve secde birer r\u00fck\u00fcnd\u00fcr. R\u00fck\u00fcnlerinden biri bulunmayan akit ve ibadet yok h\u00fckm\u00fcndedir. Bir \u015feyin \u015fer\u2019\u00ee varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kendilerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u015fartla r\u00fck\u00fcn aras\u0131nda fark yoktur. Her ikisinin de yoklu\u011fu ilgili olduklar\u0131 \u015feyin yoklu\u011funu gerektirir. \u015eart ile r\u00fckun \u015fu noktada birbirinden ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar. \u015eart, ilgili oldu\u011fu \u015feyin yap\u0131s\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir unsur oldu\u011fu halde, r\u00fckun ilgili oldu\u011fu \u015feyin yap\u0131s\u0131ndan bir par\u00e7a te\u015fkil eder. Mesela r\u00fck\u00fb\u2019 namaz\u0131n bir r\u00fckn\u00fc, abdest ise \u015fart\u0131d\u0131r. Abdest namaz\u0131n mahiyetinden bir par\u00e7a de\u011fil fakat r\u00fck\u00fb\u2019 namaz ibadetine varl\u0131k kazand\u0131ran par\u00e7alardan biridir.<\/p>\n 4- M\u00e2ni\u2019:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n M\u00e2ni\u2019, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebebin ge\u00e7ekle\u015fmesine veya sebebe sonu\u00e7 ba\u011flanmas\u0131na engel olan durum demektir. Bu tan\u0131ma g\u00f6re m\u00e2ni, sebebe engel olan m\u00e2ni ve h\u00fckme engel olan m\u00e2ni olmak \u00fczere iki k\u0131sma ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n ELHAMDUL\u0130LLAH\u0130RABB\u0130LALEM\u0130N<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Hamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki olan hangimizin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 yaratan Allah (cc)\u2019ya aittir. Salat ve selam \u00f6nderimiz ve rehberimiz Hz. Muhammed (sav)\u2019e onun ehli beytine, dinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 konusunda bizlere \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil eden ashab\u0131na ve t\u00fcm M\u00fcminlerin \u00fczerine olsun. Ge\u00e7en yaz\u0131m\u0131zda teklifi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda vaz\u2019i h\u00fck\u00fcmleri i\u015fleyece\u011fiz. (in\u015faAllah) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":21255,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,251],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\n