B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M<\/strong><\/p>\nHamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 biz kullar\u0131n\u0131n hangisinin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in yaratan, bizlere \u00e7e\u015fitli ibretler ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctler ile yolunu g\u00f6steren Allah (cc)\u2019a aittir.<\/p>\n
Salat ve selam rehberimiz ve \u00f6nderimiz, alemlere rahmet olarak g\u00f6nderilen Hz. Muhammed (sav)\u2019e onun ehli beytine, dinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 konusunda bizlere \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil eden Ashab\u0131na(ra), bug\u00fcne kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve bug\u00fcn ya\u015famakta olan t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u00fczerine olsun.<\/p>\n
Siyasi su\u00e7lular, me\u015fru (bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131) yolla inand\u0131klar\u0131 \u015feye \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunma hakk\u0131na sahiptirler. \u0130slam hukuku h\u00fck\u00fcmleri s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 her istedikleri \u015feyi s\u00f6yleme h\u00fcrriyetlerine sahiptirler. Adillerin yani devletten yana olanlar\u0131n da siyasi su\u00e7lulara cevap verme ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin yanl\u0131\u015f, oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klama hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu iki gruptan birisi s\u00f6z ya da \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131nda \u0130slam dini h\u00fck\u00fcmleriyle tayin olunan s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karsa, su\u00e7u adi su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Mesela, propaganda s\u0131ras\u0131nda zina iftiras\u0131nda bulunursa haddle, s\u00f6verse ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Siyasi su\u00e7lulardan birisi su\u00e7 te\u015fkil eden herhangi bir fiil i\u015flerse, su\u00e7u adi bir su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. (El Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.58. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60. E.Metalib, c.4\/1 12-1 14. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/376)<\/p>\n
Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, bir yeri kendilerine mekan edinebilme veya toplanabilme haklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir kanuni g\u00f6revden ka\u00e7\u0131nmad\u0131klar\u0131 yahut itaatten \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece bu hakka sahiptirler. Bu da halife Ali b. Ebi Talib\u2019in, haricilere kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir us\u00fcld\u00fcr. Nehrevan\u2019da, hariciler, Hz. Ali\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 muhalefet ettiler. Bunun \u00fczerine halife Ali, kendileriyle bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 yaparak ba\u015flar\u0131na, itaat ettikleri bir kimseyi vali tayin etti. Valiye bir m\u00fcddet itaatte bulundular ve nihayet onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Hz. Ali, katilin kendisine teslimini istedi. Hariciler de bunu kabul etmediler; \u201chepimiz birden o valiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fck\u201d dediler. \u0130taatten \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a isyanda bulununca Halife Hz. Ali onlarla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (D-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.48. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/152. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/53, 58. N.Muhtac, c.7\/383)<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Malik, \u015eafii ve Ahmed \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131, adillerle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fart ka\u015farlar ve \u201ci\u015fte o zaman \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri m\u00fcbah olur\u201d derler. Ebu Hanife ise, siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n bir araya toplanmalar\u0131n\u0131n ve kanuni vecibelerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli olca\u011f\u0131, bu durumda siyasi su\u00e7lularla sava\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli sebep bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. (F.Kadir, c.4\/411)<\/p>\n
AYAKLANMA SIRASINDA VE SONRASINDA S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARI<\/strong><\/p>\nAyaklanma yahut i\u00e7 sava\u015f ba\u015flarsa, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, siyasi sulular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmelerini de\u011fil, sindirilmelerini hedef al\u0131r. Onlardan kim ileri at\u0131l\u0131rsa onunla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131r, geri \u00e7ekilip ka\u00e7an\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131r, yaralan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebebiyet vermez, onlardan silah\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakan\u0131 veya esir ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmez. (Di\u011fer hukuk\u00e7u imamlar\u0131n hilaf\u0131na Ebu Hanife, umumun yarar\u0131 gerektirirse esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir (El-Bahr\u00fc\u2019r-Raik, c.2\/153)). Mallar\u0131na el koymaz, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ve\u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc alt\u0131na almaz. Hz. Peygamber (sav)\u2019in \u201c\u0130slam \u00fclkesinde (Daru\u2019l \u0130slam) her \u015feye tecav\u00fcz yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d Duyurdu\u011fu rivayet olunur. (El-Ahkamu\u2019s Sultaniyye s. 49. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/153. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/63. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/386)<\/p>\n
Sava\u015f hali bitip ayaklanma sona erince devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, adillerin elinde bulunan mallar\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015filerin zararlar\u0131n\u0131, zarar verenlere \u00f6dettirir, mallar\u0131n\u0131 iade ettirir. Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckleri insan veya zarar verdikleri mallar heder olmu\u015ftur, yani siyasi su\u00e7lular onlardan sorumlu de\u011fillerdir. Fakat siyasi su\u00e7lular, isyan d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda adillerden \u00f6ld\u00fckleri ki\u015filerin can\u0131ndan ve mallar\u0131na verdikleri zararlardan sorumludurlar. Gerekli cezaya veya tazminata \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f tercih edilmi\u015ftir. Tercih edilmeyen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6reyse, siyasi su\u00e7lular, sava\u015fta zarar verdikleri her \u015feyi tazmin ederler. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn delili \u015fudur: \u0130syan hali, hakk\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, iptal edici de\u011fildir ve sorumlulu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmez. Birinci (tercih edilen) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcz tercihi \u015fudur;<\/p>\n
\n- En b\u00fcy\u00fck kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k, anar\u015fi, Halife Hz. Ali ve Hz. Muaviye zaman\u0131nda meydana geldi\u011finden, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in ashab\u0131, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 yorumlayarak (te\u2019vil ederek), bir haram\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015f, bir mala zarar vermi\u015f ki\u015filere hadd cezas\u0131n\u0131n uygulamamas\u0131n\u0131, zarar verdi\u011fi bir mal i\u00e7in kendisine tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 konusunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birli\u011fine varm\u0131\u015flar, icmada bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/li>\n
- Siyasi su\u00e7lular, m\u00fcnasip bir te\u2019ville (yorumla) sava\u015fa giri\u015fmi\u015f, devlet reisine itaatten ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir grup insand\u0131r. Binaenaleyh zarar verdiklerini adillere tazmin etmemelidirler, adiller de onlara verdikleri zarar\u0131 tazmin ile sorumlu tutulmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Zira siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131, verdikleri zararlar\u0131 tazminle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutmak, onlar\u0131 itaat alt\u0131na girmekten so\u011futur. (N.Muhtac. c.7\/387. El-Bahru\u2019r Raik, c.5\/153: \u015e:Zurkani, c.8\/61. El-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.11. E.Metalib. c.4\/1 14. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60,61. E\u015f-\u015eerhu\u2019l Kebir, c.10\/61,62.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Siyasi su\u00e7lular, ayaklanma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00f6ld\u00fcrme. Mallara zarar verme gibi su\u00e7lardan sorumlu olmamakla beraber, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 affetmezse ve kamu yarar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrse, itaatten \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kendilerini ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm olmamas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ko\u015farlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de yaral\u0131n\u0131n ve esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine m\u00fcsaade etmezler, m\u00fcbah g\u00f6rmezler. Binaenaleyh teslim olmu\u015f isyankar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine evveliyetle izin verilmez. Ebu Hanife ise, kamu menfaati i\u00e7in esirin ve ayaklanma eserinin kendilerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin serbest oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. Bu fikre k\u0131yasen siyasi su\u00e7lu ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. K\u0131sacas\u0131, ta\u2019zir su\u00e7lar\u0131nda hakimin yetkisi geni\u015ftir, bir\u00e7ok cezalar bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 veya tamam\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama yetkisi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M Hamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 biz kullar\u0131n\u0131n hangisinin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in yaratan, bizlere \u00e7e\u015fitli ibretler ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctler ile yolunu g\u00f6steren Allah (cc)\u2019a aittir. Salat ve selam rehberimiz ve \u00f6nderimiz, alemlere rahmet olarak g\u00f6nderilen Hz. Muhammed (sav)\u2019e onun ehli beytine, dinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 konusunda bizlere \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil eden Ashab\u0131na(ra), bug\u00fcne kadar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":13334,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[251],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n
S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN, AYAKLANMA \u00d6NCES\u0130 HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARI Nedir? • Ebrar Medya<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M Hamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 biz kullar\u0131n\u0131n hangisinin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in yaratan, bizlere \u00e7e\u015fitli ibretler ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctler ile yolunu g\u00f6steren Allah (cc)\u2019a aittir.Salat ve selam rehberimiz ve \u00f6nderimiz, alemlere rahmet olarak g\u00f6nderilen Hz. Muhammed (sav)\u2019e onun ehli beytine, dinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 konusunda bizlere \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil eden Ashab\u0131na(ra), bug\u00fcne kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve bug\u00fcn ya\u015famakta olan t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u00fczerine olsun.Siyasi su\u00e7lular, me\u015fru (bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131) yolla inand\u0131klar\u0131 \u015feye \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunma hakk\u0131na sahiptirler. \u0130slam hukuku h\u00fck\u00fcmleri s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 her istedikleri \u015feyi s\u00f6yleme h\u00fcrriyetlerine sahiptirler. Adillerin yani devletten yana olanlar\u0131n da siyasi su\u00e7lulara cevap verme ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin yanl\u0131\u015f, oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klama hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu iki gruptan birisi s\u00f6z ya da \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131nda \u0130slam dini h\u00fck\u00fcmleriyle tayin olunan s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karsa, su\u00e7u adi su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Mesela, propaganda s\u0131ras\u0131nda zina iftiras\u0131nda bulunursa haddle, s\u00f6verse ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Siyasi su\u00e7lulardan birisi su\u00e7 te\u015fkil eden herhangi bir fiil i\u015flerse, su\u00e7u adi bir su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. (El Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.58. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60. E.Metalib, c.4\/1 12-1 14. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/376)Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, bir yeri kendilerine mekan edinebilme veya toplanabilme haklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir kanuni g\u00f6revden ka\u00e7\u0131nmad\u0131klar\u0131 yahut itaatten \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece bu hakka sahiptirler. Bu da halife Ali b. Ebi Talib\u2019in, haricilere kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir us\u00fcld\u00fcr. Nehrevan\u2019da, hariciler, Hz. Ali\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 muhalefet ettiler. Bunun \u00fczerine halife Ali, kendileriyle bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 yaparak ba\u015flar\u0131na, itaat ettikleri bir kimseyi vali tayin etti. Valiye bir m\u00fcddet itaatte bulundular ve nihayet onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Hz. Ali, katilin kendisine teslimini istedi. Hariciler de bunu kabul etmediler; \u201chepimiz birden o valiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fck\u201d dediler. \u0130taatten \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a isyanda bulununca Halife Hz. Ali onlarla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (D-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.48. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/152. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/53, 58. N.Muhtac, c.7\/383)\u0130mam Malik, \u015eafii ve Ahmed \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131, adillerle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fart ka\u015farlar ve \u201ci\u015fte o zaman \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri m\u00fcbah olur\u201d derler. Ebu Hanife ise, siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n bir araya toplanmalar\u0131n\u0131n ve kanuni vecibelerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli olca\u011f\u0131, bu durumda siyasi su\u00e7lularla sava\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli sebep bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. (F.Kadir, c.4\/411)AYAKLANMA SIRASINDA VE SONRASINDA S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARIAyaklanma yahut i\u00e7 sava\u015f ba\u015flarsa, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, siyasi sulular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmelerini de\u011fil, sindirilmelerini hedef al\u0131r. Onlardan kim ileri at\u0131l\u0131rsa onunla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131r, geri \u00e7ekilip ka\u00e7an\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131r, yaralan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebebiyet vermez, onlardan silah\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakan\u0131 veya esir ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmez. (Di\u011fer hukuk\u00e7u imamlar\u0131n hilaf\u0131na Ebu Hanife, umumun yarar\u0131 gerektirirse esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir (El-Bahr\u00fc\u2019r-Raik, c.2\/153)). Mallar\u0131na el koymaz, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ve\u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc alt\u0131na almaz. Hz. Peygamber (sav)\u2019in \u201c\u0130slam \u00fclkesinde (Daru\u2019l \u0130slam) her \u015feye tecav\u00fcz yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d Duyurdu\u011fu rivayet olunur. (El-Ahkamu\u2019s Sultaniyye s. 49. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/153. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/63. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/386)Sava\u015f hali bitip ayaklanma sona erince devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, adillerin elinde bulunan mallar\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015filerin zararlar\u0131n\u0131, zarar verenlere \u00f6dettirir, mallar\u0131n\u0131 iade ettirir. Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckleri insan veya zarar verdikleri mallar heder olmu\u015ftur, yani siyasi su\u00e7lular onlardan sorumlu de\u011fillerdir. Fakat siyasi su\u00e7lular, isyan d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda adillerden \u00f6ld\u00fckleri ki\u015filerin can\u0131ndan ve mallar\u0131na verdikleri zararlardan sorumludurlar. Gerekli cezaya veya tazminata \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f tercih edilmi\u015ftir. Tercih edilmeyen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6reyse, siyasi su\u00e7lular, sava\u015fta zarar verdikleri her \u015feyi tazmin ederler. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn delili \u015fudur: \u0130syan hali, hakk\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, iptal edici de\u011fildir ve sorumlulu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmez. Birinci (tercih edilen) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcz tercihi \u015fudur;En b\u00fcy\u00fck kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k, anar\u015fi, Halife Hz. Ali ve Hz. Muaviye zaman\u0131nda meydana geldi\u011finden, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in ashab\u0131, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 yorumlayarak (te\u2019vil ederek), bir haram\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015f, bir mala zarar vermi\u015f ki\u015filere hadd cezas\u0131n\u0131n uygulamamas\u0131n\u0131, zarar verdi\u011fi bir mal i\u00e7in kendisine tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 konusunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birli\u011fine varm\u0131\u015flar, icmada bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.Siyasi su\u00e7lular, m\u00fcnasip bir te\u2019ville (yorumla) sava\u015fa giri\u015fmi\u015f, devlet reisine itaatten ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir grup insand\u0131r. Binaenaleyh zarar verdiklerini adillere tazmin etmemelidirler, adiller de onlara verdikleri zarar\u0131 tazmin ile sorumlu tutulmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Zira siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131, verdikleri zararlar\u0131 tazminle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutmak, onlar\u0131 itaat alt\u0131na girmekten so\u011futur. (N.Muhtac. c.7\/387. El-Bahru\u2019r Raik, c.5\/153: \u015e:Zurkani, c.8\/61. El-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.11. E.Metalib. c.4\/1 14. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60,61. E\u015f-\u015eerhu\u2019l Kebir, c.10\/61,62.)Siyasi su\u00e7lular, ayaklanma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00f6ld\u00fcrme. Mallara zarar verme gibi su\u00e7lardan sorumlu olmamakla beraber, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 affetmezse ve kamu yarar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrse, itaatten \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kendilerini ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm olmamas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ko\u015farlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de yaral\u0131n\u0131n ve esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine m\u00fcsaade etmezler, m\u00fcbah g\u00f6rmezler. Binaenaleyh teslim olmu\u015f isyankar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine evveliyetle izin verilmez. Ebu Hanife ise, kamu menfaati i\u00e7in esirin ve ayaklanma eserinin kendilerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin serbest oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. Bu fikre k\u0131yasen siyasi su\u00e7lu ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. K\u0131sacas\u0131, ta\u2019zir su\u00e7lar\u0131nda hakimin yetkisi geni\u015ftir, bir\u00e7ok cezalar bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 veya tamam\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama yetkisi vard\u0131r.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN, AYAKLANMA \u00d6NCES\u0130 HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARI Nedir? • Ebrar Medya\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M Hamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 biz kullar\u0131n\u0131n hangisinin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in yaratan, bizlere \u00e7e\u015fitli ibretler ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctler ile yolunu g\u00f6steren Allah (cc)\u2019a aittir.Salat ve selam rehberimiz ve \u00f6nderimiz, alemlere rahmet olarak g\u00f6nderilen Hz. Muhammed (sav)\u2019e onun ehli beytine, dinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 konusunda bizlere \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil eden Ashab\u0131na(ra), bug\u00fcne kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve bug\u00fcn ya\u015famakta olan t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u00fczerine olsun.Siyasi su\u00e7lular, me\u015fru (bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131) yolla inand\u0131klar\u0131 \u015feye \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunma hakk\u0131na sahiptirler. \u0130slam hukuku h\u00fck\u00fcmleri s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 her istedikleri \u015feyi s\u00f6yleme h\u00fcrriyetlerine sahiptirler. Adillerin yani devletten yana olanlar\u0131n da siyasi su\u00e7lulara cevap verme ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin yanl\u0131\u015f, oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klama hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu iki gruptan birisi s\u00f6z ya da \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131nda \u0130slam dini h\u00fck\u00fcmleriyle tayin olunan s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karsa, su\u00e7u adi su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Mesela, propaganda s\u0131ras\u0131nda zina iftiras\u0131nda bulunursa haddle, s\u00f6verse ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Siyasi su\u00e7lulardan birisi su\u00e7 te\u015fkil eden herhangi bir fiil i\u015flerse, su\u00e7u adi bir su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. (El Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.58. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60. E.Metalib, c.4\/1 12-1 14. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/376)Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, bir yeri kendilerine mekan edinebilme veya toplanabilme haklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir kanuni g\u00f6revden ka\u00e7\u0131nmad\u0131klar\u0131 yahut itaatten \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece bu hakka sahiptirler. Bu da halife Ali b. Ebi Talib\u2019in, haricilere kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir us\u00fcld\u00fcr. Nehrevan\u2019da, hariciler, Hz. Ali\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 muhalefet ettiler. Bunun \u00fczerine halife Ali, kendileriyle bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 yaparak ba\u015flar\u0131na, itaat ettikleri bir kimseyi vali tayin etti. Valiye bir m\u00fcddet itaatte bulundular ve nihayet onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Hz. Ali, katilin kendisine teslimini istedi. Hariciler de bunu kabul etmediler; \u201chepimiz birden o valiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fck\u201d dediler. \u0130taatten \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a isyanda bulununca Halife Hz. Ali onlarla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (D-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.48. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/152. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/53, 58. N.Muhtac, c.7\/383)\u0130mam Malik, \u015eafii ve Ahmed \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131, adillerle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fart ka\u015farlar ve \u201ci\u015fte o zaman \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri m\u00fcbah olur\u201d derler. Ebu Hanife ise, siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n bir araya toplanmalar\u0131n\u0131n ve kanuni vecibelerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli olca\u011f\u0131, bu durumda siyasi su\u00e7lularla sava\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli sebep bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. (F.Kadir, c.4\/411)AYAKLANMA SIRASINDA VE SONRASINDA S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARIAyaklanma yahut i\u00e7 sava\u015f ba\u015flarsa, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, siyasi sulular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmelerini de\u011fil, sindirilmelerini hedef al\u0131r. Onlardan kim ileri at\u0131l\u0131rsa onunla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131r, geri \u00e7ekilip ka\u00e7an\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131r, yaralan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebebiyet vermez, onlardan silah\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakan\u0131 veya esir ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmez. (Di\u011fer hukuk\u00e7u imamlar\u0131n hilaf\u0131na Ebu Hanife, umumun yarar\u0131 gerektirirse esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir (El-Bahr\u00fc\u2019r-Raik, c.2\/153)). Mallar\u0131na el koymaz, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ve\u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc alt\u0131na almaz. Hz. Peygamber (sav)\u2019in \u201c\u0130slam \u00fclkesinde (Daru\u2019l \u0130slam) her \u015feye tecav\u00fcz yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d Duyurdu\u011fu rivayet olunur. (El-Ahkamu\u2019s Sultaniyye s. 49. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/153. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/63. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/386)Sava\u015f hali bitip ayaklanma sona erince devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, adillerin elinde bulunan mallar\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015filerin zararlar\u0131n\u0131, zarar verenlere \u00f6dettirir, mallar\u0131n\u0131 iade ettirir. Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckleri insan veya zarar verdikleri mallar heder olmu\u015ftur, yani siyasi su\u00e7lular onlardan sorumlu de\u011fillerdir. Fakat siyasi su\u00e7lular, isyan d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda adillerden \u00f6ld\u00fckleri ki\u015filerin can\u0131ndan ve mallar\u0131na verdikleri zararlardan sorumludurlar. Gerekli cezaya veya tazminata \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f tercih edilmi\u015ftir. Tercih edilmeyen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6reyse, siyasi su\u00e7lular, sava\u015fta zarar verdikleri her \u015feyi tazmin ederler. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn delili \u015fudur: \u0130syan hali, hakk\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, iptal edici de\u011fildir ve sorumlulu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmez. Birinci (tercih edilen) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcz tercihi \u015fudur;En b\u00fcy\u00fck kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k, anar\u015fi, Halife Hz. Ali ve Hz. Muaviye zaman\u0131nda meydana geldi\u011finden, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in ashab\u0131, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 yorumlayarak (te\u2019vil ederek), bir haram\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015f, bir mala zarar vermi\u015f ki\u015filere hadd cezas\u0131n\u0131n uygulamamas\u0131n\u0131, zarar verdi\u011fi bir mal i\u00e7in kendisine tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 konusunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birli\u011fine varm\u0131\u015flar, icmada bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.Siyasi su\u00e7lular, m\u00fcnasip bir te\u2019ville (yorumla) sava\u015fa giri\u015fmi\u015f, devlet reisine itaatten ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir grup insand\u0131r. Binaenaleyh zarar verdiklerini adillere tazmin etmemelidirler, adiller de onlara verdikleri zarar\u0131 tazmin ile sorumlu tutulmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Zira siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131, verdikleri zararlar\u0131 tazminle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutmak, onlar\u0131 itaat alt\u0131na girmekten so\u011futur. (N.Muhtac. c.7\/387. El-Bahru\u2019r Raik, c.5\/153: \u015e:Zurkani, c.8\/61. El-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.11. E.Metalib. c.4\/1 14. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60,61. E\u015f-\u015eerhu\u2019l Kebir, c.10\/61,62.)Siyasi su\u00e7lular, ayaklanma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00f6ld\u00fcrme. Mallara zarar verme gibi su\u00e7lardan sorumlu olmamakla beraber, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 affetmezse ve kamu yarar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrse, itaatten \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kendilerini ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm olmamas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ko\u015farlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de yaral\u0131n\u0131n ve esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine m\u00fcsaade etmezler, m\u00fcbah g\u00f6rmezler. Binaenaleyh teslim olmu\u015f isyankar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine evveliyetle izin verilmez. Ebu Hanife ise, kamu menfaati i\u00e7in esirin ve ayaklanma eserinin kendilerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin serbest oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. Bu fikre k\u0131yasen siyasi su\u00e7lu ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. K\u0131sacas\u0131, ta\u2019zir su\u00e7lar\u0131nda hakimin yetkisi geni\u015ftir, bir\u00e7ok cezalar bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 veya tamam\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama yetkisi vard\u0131r.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Ebrar Medya\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ebrarmedyacom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-08T09:59:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ZAFER-G\u00dcVEN.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"730\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"360\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Zafer G\u00dcVEN\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ebrarmedyacom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ebrarmedyacom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Zafer G\u00dcVEN\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Zafer G\u00dcVEN\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5a53b218dd86d97f12db00b5e1bcc3ce\"},\"headline\":\"S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN, AYAKLANMA \u00d6NCES\u0130 HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARI\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-08T09:59:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-01-08T09:59:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/\"},\"wordCount\":1047,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"MAKALELER\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/\",\"name\":\"S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN, AYAKLANMA \u00d6NCES\u0130 HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARI Nedir? • Ebrar Medya\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-08T09:59:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-01-08T09:59:48+00:00\",\"description\":\"B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M Hamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 biz kullar\u0131n\u0131n hangisinin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in yaratan, bizlere \u00e7e\u015fitli ibretler ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctler ile yolunu g\u00f6steren Allah (cc)\u2019a aittir.Salat ve selam rehberimiz ve \u00f6nderimiz, alemlere rahmet olarak g\u00f6nderilen Hz. Muhammed (sav)\u2019e onun ehli beytine, dinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 konusunda bizlere \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil eden Ashab\u0131na(ra), bug\u00fcne kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve bug\u00fcn ya\u015famakta olan t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u00fczerine olsun.Siyasi su\u00e7lular, me\u015fru (bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131) yolla inand\u0131klar\u0131 \u015feye \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunma hakk\u0131na sahiptirler. \u0130slam hukuku h\u00fck\u00fcmleri s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 her istedikleri \u015feyi s\u00f6yleme h\u00fcrriyetlerine sahiptirler. Adillerin yani devletten yana olanlar\u0131n da siyasi su\u00e7lulara cevap verme ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin yanl\u0131\u015f, oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klama hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu iki gruptan birisi s\u00f6z ya da \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131nda \u0130slam dini h\u00fck\u00fcmleriyle tayin olunan s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karsa, su\u00e7u adi su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Mesela, propaganda s\u0131ras\u0131nda zina iftiras\u0131nda bulunursa haddle, s\u00f6verse ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Siyasi su\u00e7lulardan birisi su\u00e7 te\u015fkil eden herhangi bir fiil i\u015flerse, su\u00e7u adi bir su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. (El Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.58. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60. E.Metalib, c.4\/1 12-1 14. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/376)Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, bir yeri kendilerine mekan edinebilme veya toplanabilme haklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir kanuni g\u00f6revden ka\u00e7\u0131nmad\u0131klar\u0131 yahut itaatten \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece bu hakka sahiptirler. Bu da halife Ali b. Ebi Talib\u2019in, haricilere kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir us\u00fcld\u00fcr. Nehrevan\u2019da, hariciler, Hz. Ali\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 muhalefet ettiler. Bunun \u00fczerine halife Ali, kendileriyle bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 yaparak ba\u015flar\u0131na, itaat ettikleri bir kimseyi vali tayin etti. Valiye bir m\u00fcddet itaatte bulundular ve nihayet onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Hz. Ali, katilin kendisine teslimini istedi. Hariciler de bunu kabul etmediler; \u201chepimiz birden o valiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fck\u201d dediler. \u0130taatten \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a isyanda bulununca Halife Hz. Ali onlarla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (D-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.48. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/152. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/53, 58. N.Muhtac, c.7\/383)\u0130mam Malik, \u015eafii ve Ahmed \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131, adillerle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fart ka\u015farlar ve \u201ci\u015fte o zaman \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri m\u00fcbah olur\u201d derler. Ebu Hanife ise, siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n bir araya toplanmalar\u0131n\u0131n ve kanuni vecibelerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli olca\u011f\u0131, bu durumda siyasi su\u00e7lularla sava\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli sebep bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. (F.Kadir, c.4\/411)AYAKLANMA SIRASINDA VE SONRASINDA S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARIAyaklanma yahut i\u00e7 sava\u015f ba\u015flarsa, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, siyasi sulular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmelerini de\u011fil, sindirilmelerini hedef al\u0131r. Onlardan kim ileri at\u0131l\u0131rsa onunla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131r, geri \u00e7ekilip ka\u00e7an\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131r, yaralan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebebiyet vermez, onlardan silah\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakan\u0131 veya esir ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmez. (Di\u011fer hukuk\u00e7u imamlar\u0131n hilaf\u0131na Ebu Hanife, umumun yarar\u0131 gerektirirse esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir (El-Bahr\u00fc\u2019r-Raik, c.2\/153)). Mallar\u0131na el koymaz, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ve\u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc alt\u0131na almaz. Hz. Peygamber (sav)\u2019in \u201c\u0130slam \u00fclkesinde (Daru\u2019l \u0130slam) her \u015feye tecav\u00fcz yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d Duyurdu\u011fu rivayet olunur. (El-Ahkamu\u2019s Sultaniyye s. 49. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/153. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/63. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/386)Sava\u015f hali bitip ayaklanma sona erince devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, adillerin elinde bulunan mallar\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015filerin zararlar\u0131n\u0131, zarar verenlere \u00f6dettirir, mallar\u0131n\u0131 iade ettirir. Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckleri insan veya zarar verdikleri mallar heder olmu\u015ftur, yani siyasi su\u00e7lular onlardan sorumlu de\u011fillerdir. Fakat siyasi su\u00e7lular, isyan d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda adillerden \u00f6ld\u00fckleri ki\u015filerin can\u0131ndan ve mallar\u0131na verdikleri zararlardan sorumludurlar. Gerekli cezaya veya tazminata \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f tercih edilmi\u015ftir. Tercih edilmeyen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6reyse, siyasi su\u00e7lular, sava\u015fta zarar verdikleri her \u015feyi tazmin ederler. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn delili \u015fudur: \u0130syan hali, hakk\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, iptal edici de\u011fildir ve sorumlulu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmez. Birinci (tercih edilen) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcz tercihi \u015fudur;En b\u00fcy\u00fck kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k, anar\u015fi, Halife Hz. Ali ve Hz. Muaviye zaman\u0131nda meydana geldi\u011finden, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in ashab\u0131, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 yorumlayarak (te\u2019vil ederek), bir haram\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015f, bir mala zarar vermi\u015f ki\u015filere hadd cezas\u0131n\u0131n uygulamamas\u0131n\u0131, zarar verdi\u011fi bir mal i\u00e7in kendisine tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 konusunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birli\u011fine varm\u0131\u015flar, icmada bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.Siyasi su\u00e7lular, m\u00fcnasip bir te\u2019ville (yorumla) sava\u015fa giri\u015fmi\u015f, devlet reisine itaatten ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir grup insand\u0131r. Binaenaleyh zarar verdiklerini adillere tazmin etmemelidirler, adiller de onlara verdikleri zarar\u0131 tazmin ile sorumlu tutulmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Zira siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131, verdikleri zararlar\u0131 tazminle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutmak, onlar\u0131 itaat alt\u0131na girmekten so\u011futur. (N.Muhtac. c.7\/387. El-Bahru\u2019r Raik, c.5\/153: \u015e:Zurkani, c.8\/61. El-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.11. E.Metalib. c.4\/1 14. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60,61. E\u015f-\u015eerhu\u2019l Kebir, c.10\/61,62.)Siyasi su\u00e7lular, ayaklanma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00f6ld\u00fcrme. Mallara zarar verme gibi su\u00e7lardan sorumlu olmamakla beraber, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 affetmezse ve kamu yarar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrse, itaatten \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kendilerini ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm olmamas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ko\u015farlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de yaral\u0131n\u0131n ve esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine m\u00fcsaade etmezler, m\u00fcbah g\u00f6rmezler. Binaenaleyh teslim olmu\u015f isyankar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine evveliyetle izin verilmez. Ebu Hanife ise, kamu menfaati i\u00e7in esirin ve ayaklanma eserinin kendilerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin serbest oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. Bu fikre k\u0131yasen siyasi su\u00e7lu ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. K\u0131sacas\u0131, ta\u2019zir su\u00e7lar\u0131nda hakimin yetkisi geni\u015ftir, bir\u00e7ok cezalar bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 veya tamam\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama yetkisi vard\u0131r.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Ana sayfa\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN, AYAKLANMA \u00d6NCES\u0130 HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARI\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/\",\"name\":\"Ebrar Medya\",\"description\":\"Tarafs\u0131z De\u011fil, Hakk'tan Taraf\u0131z\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ebrar Medya\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/logo-ebm-2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/logo-ebm-2.png\",\"width\":244,\"height\":90,\"caption\":\"Ebrar Medya\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ebrarmedyacom\/\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ebrarmedyacom\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/ebrarmedyacom\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/ebrar-medya-343157188\/\",\"https:\/\/tr.pinterest.com\/ebrarmedya\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5a53b218dd86d97f12db00b5e1bcc3ce\",\"name\":\"Zafer G\u00dcVEN\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cc80007e5f5368f7cad7757750f1b690?s=96&d=wavatar&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cc80007e5f5368f7cad7757750f1b690?s=96&d=wavatar&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Zafer G\u00dcVEN\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/author\/zaferguven\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN, AYAKLANMA \u00d6NCES\u0130 HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARI Nedir? • Ebrar Medya","description":"B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M Hamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 biz kullar\u0131n\u0131n hangisinin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in yaratan, bizlere \u00e7e\u015fitli ibretler ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctler ile yolunu g\u00f6steren Allah (cc)\u2019a aittir.Salat ve selam rehberimiz ve \u00f6nderimiz, alemlere rahmet olarak g\u00f6nderilen Hz. Muhammed (sav)\u2019e onun ehli beytine, dinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 konusunda bizlere \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil eden Ashab\u0131na(ra), bug\u00fcne kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve bug\u00fcn ya\u015famakta olan t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u00fczerine olsun.Siyasi su\u00e7lular, me\u015fru (bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131) yolla inand\u0131klar\u0131 \u015feye \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunma hakk\u0131na sahiptirler. \u0130slam hukuku h\u00fck\u00fcmleri s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 her istedikleri \u015feyi s\u00f6yleme h\u00fcrriyetlerine sahiptirler. Adillerin yani devletten yana olanlar\u0131n da siyasi su\u00e7lulara cevap verme ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin yanl\u0131\u015f, oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klama hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu iki gruptan birisi s\u00f6z ya da \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131nda \u0130slam dini h\u00fck\u00fcmleriyle tayin olunan s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karsa, su\u00e7u adi su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Mesela, propaganda s\u0131ras\u0131nda zina iftiras\u0131nda bulunursa haddle, s\u00f6verse ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Siyasi su\u00e7lulardan birisi su\u00e7 te\u015fkil eden herhangi bir fiil i\u015flerse, su\u00e7u adi bir su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. (El Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.58. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60. E.Metalib, c.4\/1 12-1 14. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/376)Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, bir yeri kendilerine mekan edinebilme veya toplanabilme haklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir kanuni g\u00f6revden ka\u00e7\u0131nmad\u0131klar\u0131 yahut itaatten \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece bu hakka sahiptirler. Bu da halife Ali b. Ebi Talib\u2019in, haricilere kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir us\u00fcld\u00fcr. Nehrevan\u2019da, hariciler, Hz. Ali\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 muhalefet ettiler. Bunun \u00fczerine halife Ali, kendileriyle bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 yaparak ba\u015flar\u0131na, itaat ettikleri bir kimseyi vali tayin etti. Valiye bir m\u00fcddet itaatte bulundular ve nihayet onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Hz. Ali, katilin kendisine teslimini istedi. Hariciler de bunu kabul etmediler; \u201chepimiz birden o valiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fck\u201d dediler. \u0130taatten \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a isyanda bulununca Halife Hz. Ali onlarla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (D-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.48. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/152. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/53, 58. N.Muhtac, c.7\/383)\u0130mam Malik, \u015eafii ve Ahmed \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131, adillerle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fart ka\u015farlar ve \u201ci\u015fte o zaman \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri m\u00fcbah olur\u201d derler. Ebu Hanife ise, siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n bir araya toplanmalar\u0131n\u0131n ve kanuni vecibelerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli olca\u011f\u0131, bu durumda siyasi su\u00e7lularla sava\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli sebep bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. (F.Kadir, c.4\/411)AYAKLANMA SIRASINDA VE SONRASINDA S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARIAyaklanma yahut i\u00e7 sava\u015f ba\u015flarsa, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, siyasi sulular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmelerini de\u011fil, sindirilmelerini hedef al\u0131r. Onlardan kim ileri at\u0131l\u0131rsa onunla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131r, geri \u00e7ekilip ka\u00e7an\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131r, yaralan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebebiyet vermez, onlardan silah\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakan\u0131 veya esir ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmez. (Di\u011fer hukuk\u00e7u imamlar\u0131n hilaf\u0131na Ebu Hanife, umumun yarar\u0131 gerektirirse esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir (El-Bahr\u00fc\u2019r-Raik, c.2\/153)). Mallar\u0131na el koymaz, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ve\u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc alt\u0131na almaz. Hz. Peygamber (sav)\u2019in \u201c\u0130slam \u00fclkesinde (Daru\u2019l \u0130slam) her \u015feye tecav\u00fcz yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d Duyurdu\u011fu rivayet olunur. (El-Ahkamu\u2019s Sultaniyye s. 49. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/153. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/63. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/386)Sava\u015f hali bitip ayaklanma sona erince devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, adillerin elinde bulunan mallar\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015filerin zararlar\u0131n\u0131, zarar verenlere \u00f6dettirir, mallar\u0131n\u0131 iade ettirir. Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckleri insan veya zarar verdikleri mallar heder olmu\u015ftur, yani siyasi su\u00e7lular onlardan sorumlu de\u011fillerdir. Fakat siyasi su\u00e7lular, isyan d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda adillerden \u00f6ld\u00fckleri ki\u015filerin can\u0131ndan ve mallar\u0131na verdikleri zararlardan sorumludurlar. Gerekli cezaya veya tazminata \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f tercih edilmi\u015ftir. Tercih edilmeyen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6reyse, siyasi su\u00e7lular, sava\u015fta zarar verdikleri her \u015feyi tazmin ederler. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn delili \u015fudur: \u0130syan hali, hakk\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, iptal edici de\u011fildir ve sorumlulu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmez. Birinci (tercih edilen) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcz tercihi \u015fudur;En b\u00fcy\u00fck kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k, anar\u015fi, Halife Hz. Ali ve Hz. Muaviye zaman\u0131nda meydana geldi\u011finden, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in ashab\u0131, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 yorumlayarak (te\u2019vil ederek), bir haram\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015f, bir mala zarar vermi\u015f ki\u015filere hadd cezas\u0131n\u0131n uygulamamas\u0131n\u0131, zarar verdi\u011fi bir mal i\u00e7in kendisine tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 konusunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birli\u011fine varm\u0131\u015flar, icmada bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.Siyasi su\u00e7lular, m\u00fcnasip bir te\u2019ville (yorumla) sava\u015fa giri\u015fmi\u015f, devlet reisine itaatten ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir grup insand\u0131r. Binaenaleyh zarar verdiklerini adillere tazmin etmemelidirler, adiller de onlara verdikleri zarar\u0131 tazmin ile sorumlu tutulmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Zira siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131, verdikleri zararlar\u0131 tazminle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutmak, onlar\u0131 itaat alt\u0131na girmekten so\u011futur. (N.Muhtac. c.7\/387. El-Bahru\u2019r Raik, c.5\/153: \u015e:Zurkani, c.8\/61. El-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.11. E.Metalib. c.4\/1 14. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60,61. E\u015f-\u015eerhu\u2019l Kebir, c.10\/61,62.)Siyasi su\u00e7lular, ayaklanma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00f6ld\u00fcrme. Mallara zarar verme gibi su\u00e7lardan sorumlu olmamakla beraber, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 affetmezse ve kamu yarar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrse, itaatten \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kendilerini ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm olmamas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ko\u015farlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de yaral\u0131n\u0131n ve esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine m\u00fcsaade etmezler, m\u00fcbah g\u00f6rmezler. Binaenaleyh teslim olmu\u015f isyankar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine evveliyetle izin verilmez. Ebu Hanife ise, kamu menfaati i\u00e7in esirin ve ayaklanma eserinin kendilerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin serbest oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. Bu fikre k\u0131yasen siyasi su\u00e7lu ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. K\u0131sacas\u0131, ta\u2019zir su\u00e7lar\u0131nda hakimin yetkisi geni\u015ftir, bir\u00e7ok cezalar bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 veya tamam\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama yetkisi vard\u0131r.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN, AYAKLANMA \u00d6NCES\u0130 HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARI Nedir? • Ebrar Medya","og_description":"B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M Hamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 biz kullar\u0131n\u0131n hangisinin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in yaratan, bizlere \u00e7e\u015fitli ibretler ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctler ile yolunu g\u00f6steren Allah (cc)\u2019a aittir.Salat ve selam rehberimiz ve \u00f6nderimiz, alemlere rahmet olarak g\u00f6nderilen Hz. Muhammed (sav)\u2019e onun ehli beytine, dinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 konusunda bizlere \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil eden Ashab\u0131na(ra), bug\u00fcne kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve bug\u00fcn ya\u015famakta olan t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u00fczerine olsun.Siyasi su\u00e7lular, me\u015fru (bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131) yolla inand\u0131klar\u0131 \u015feye \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunma hakk\u0131na sahiptirler. \u0130slam hukuku h\u00fck\u00fcmleri s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 her istedikleri \u015feyi s\u00f6yleme h\u00fcrriyetlerine sahiptirler. Adillerin yani devletten yana olanlar\u0131n da siyasi su\u00e7lulara cevap verme ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin yanl\u0131\u015f, oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klama hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu iki gruptan birisi s\u00f6z ya da \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131nda \u0130slam dini h\u00fck\u00fcmleriyle tayin olunan s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karsa, su\u00e7u adi su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Mesela, propaganda s\u0131ras\u0131nda zina iftiras\u0131nda bulunursa haddle, s\u00f6verse ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Siyasi su\u00e7lulardan birisi su\u00e7 te\u015fkil eden herhangi bir fiil i\u015flerse, su\u00e7u adi bir su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. (El Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.58. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60. E.Metalib, c.4\/1 12-1 14. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/376)Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, bir yeri kendilerine mekan edinebilme veya toplanabilme haklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir kanuni g\u00f6revden ka\u00e7\u0131nmad\u0131klar\u0131 yahut itaatten \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece bu hakka sahiptirler. Bu da halife Ali b. Ebi Talib\u2019in, haricilere kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir us\u00fcld\u00fcr. Nehrevan\u2019da, hariciler, Hz. Ali\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 muhalefet ettiler. Bunun \u00fczerine halife Ali, kendileriyle bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 yaparak ba\u015flar\u0131na, itaat ettikleri bir kimseyi vali tayin etti. Valiye bir m\u00fcddet itaatte bulundular ve nihayet onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Hz. Ali, katilin kendisine teslimini istedi. Hariciler de bunu kabul etmediler; \u201chepimiz birden o valiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fck\u201d dediler. \u0130taatten \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a isyanda bulununca Halife Hz. Ali onlarla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (D-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.48. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/152. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/53, 58. N.Muhtac, c.7\/383)\u0130mam Malik, \u015eafii ve Ahmed \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131, adillerle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fart ka\u015farlar ve \u201ci\u015fte o zaman \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri m\u00fcbah olur\u201d derler. Ebu Hanife ise, siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n bir araya toplanmalar\u0131n\u0131n ve kanuni vecibelerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli olca\u011f\u0131, bu durumda siyasi su\u00e7lularla sava\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli sebep bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. (F.Kadir, c.4\/411)AYAKLANMA SIRASINDA VE SONRASINDA S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARIAyaklanma yahut i\u00e7 sava\u015f ba\u015flarsa, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, siyasi sulular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmelerini de\u011fil, sindirilmelerini hedef al\u0131r. Onlardan kim ileri at\u0131l\u0131rsa onunla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131r, geri \u00e7ekilip ka\u00e7an\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131r, yaralan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebebiyet vermez, onlardan silah\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakan\u0131 veya esir ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmez. (Di\u011fer hukuk\u00e7u imamlar\u0131n hilaf\u0131na Ebu Hanife, umumun yarar\u0131 gerektirirse esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir (El-Bahr\u00fc\u2019r-Raik, c.2\/153)). Mallar\u0131na el koymaz, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ve\u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc alt\u0131na almaz. Hz. Peygamber (sav)\u2019in \u201c\u0130slam \u00fclkesinde (Daru\u2019l \u0130slam) her \u015feye tecav\u00fcz yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d Duyurdu\u011fu rivayet olunur. (El-Ahkamu\u2019s Sultaniyye s. 49. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/153. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/63. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/386)Sava\u015f hali bitip ayaklanma sona erince devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, adillerin elinde bulunan mallar\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015filerin zararlar\u0131n\u0131, zarar verenlere \u00f6dettirir, mallar\u0131n\u0131 iade ettirir. Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckleri insan veya zarar verdikleri mallar heder olmu\u015ftur, yani siyasi su\u00e7lular onlardan sorumlu de\u011fillerdir. Fakat siyasi su\u00e7lular, isyan d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda adillerden \u00f6ld\u00fckleri ki\u015filerin can\u0131ndan ve mallar\u0131na verdikleri zararlardan sorumludurlar. Gerekli cezaya veya tazminata \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f tercih edilmi\u015ftir. Tercih edilmeyen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6reyse, siyasi su\u00e7lular, sava\u015fta zarar verdikleri her \u015feyi tazmin ederler. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn delili \u015fudur: \u0130syan hali, hakk\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, iptal edici de\u011fildir ve sorumlulu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmez. Birinci (tercih edilen) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcz tercihi \u015fudur;En b\u00fcy\u00fck kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k, anar\u015fi, Halife Hz. Ali ve Hz. Muaviye zaman\u0131nda meydana geldi\u011finden, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in ashab\u0131, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 yorumlayarak (te\u2019vil ederek), bir haram\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015f, bir mala zarar vermi\u015f ki\u015filere hadd cezas\u0131n\u0131n uygulamamas\u0131n\u0131, zarar verdi\u011fi bir mal i\u00e7in kendisine tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 konusunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birli\u011fine varm\u0131\u015flar, icmada bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.Siyasi su\u00e7lular, m\u00fcnasip bir te\u2019ville (yorumla) sava\u015fa giri\u015fmi\u015f, devlet reisine itaatten ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir grup insand\u0131r. Binaenaleyh zarar verdiklerini adillere tazmin etmemelidirler, adiller de onlara verdikleri zarar\u0131 tazmin ile sorumlu tutulmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Zira siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131, verdikleri zararlar\u0131 tazminle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutmak, onlar\u0131 itaat alt\u0131na girmekten so\u011futur. (N.Muhtac. c.7\/387. El-Bahru\u2019r Raik, c.5\/153: \u015e:Zurkani, c.8\/61. El-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.11. E.Metalib. c.4\/1 14. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60,61. E\u015f-\u015eerhu\u2019l Kebir, c.10\/61,62.)Siyasi su\u00e7lular, ayaklanma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00f6ld\u00fcrme. Mallara zarar verme gibi su\u00e7lardan sorumlu olmamakla beraber, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 affetmezse ve kamu yarar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrse, itaatten \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kendilerini ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm olmamas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ko\u015farlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de yaral\u0131n\u0131n ve esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine m\u00fcsaade etmezler, m\u00fcbah g\u00f6rmezler. Binaenaleyh teslim olmu\u015f isyankar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine evveliyetle izin verilmez. Ebu Hanife ise, kamu menfaati i\u00e7in esirin ve ayaklanma eserinin kendilerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin serbest oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. Bu fikre k\u0131yasen siyasi su\u00e7lu ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. K\u0131sacas\u0131, ta\u2019zir su\u00e7lar\u0131nda hakimin yetkisi geni\u015ftir, bir\u00e7ok cezalar bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 veya tamam\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama yetkisi vard\u0131r.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/","og_site_name":"Ebrar Medya","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ebrarmedyacom\/","article_published_time":"2021-01-08T09:59:48+00:00","og_image":[{"width":730,"height":360,"url":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ZAFER-G\u00dcVEN.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Zafer G\u00dcVEN","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@ebrarmedyacom","twitter_site":"@ebrarmedyacom","twitter_misc":{"Yazan:":"Zafer G\u00dcVEN","Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi":"5 dakika"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/"},"author":{"name":"Zafer G\u00dcVEN","@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5a53b218dd86d97f12db00b5e1bcc3ce"},"headline":"S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN, AYAKLANMA \u00d6NCES\u0130 HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARI","datePublished":"2021-01-08T09:59:48+00:00","dateModified":"2021-01-08T09:59:48+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/"},"wordCount":1047,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#organization"},"articleSection":["MAKALELER"],"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/","url":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/","name":"S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN, AYAKLANMA \u00d6NCES\u0130 HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARI Nedir? • Ebrar Medya","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-01-08T09:59:48+00:00","dateModified":"2021-01-08T09:59:48+00:00","description":"B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M Hamd alemlerin Rabbi, Maliki, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve hayat\u0131 biz kullar\u0131n\u0131n hangisinin daha iyi amel i\u015fleyece\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in yaratan, bizlere \u00e7e\u015fitli ibretler ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctler ile yolunu g\u00f6steren Allah (cc)\u2019a aittir.Salat ve selam rehberimiz ve \u00f6nderimiz, alemlere rahmet olarak g\u00f6nderilen Hz. Muhammed (sav)\u2019e onun ehli beytine, dinin ya\u015fanmas\u0131 konusunda bizlere \u00f6rneklik te\u015fkil eden Ashab\u0131na(ra), bug\u00fcne kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve bug\u00fcn ya\u015famakta olan t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u00fczerine olsun.Siyasi su\u00e7lular, me\u015fru (bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131) yolla inand\u0131klar\u0131 \u015feye \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunma hakk\u0131na sahiptirler. \u0130slam hukuku h\u00fck\u00fcmleri s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 her istedikleri \u015feyi s\u00f6yleme h\u00fcrriyetlerine sahiptirler. Adillerin yani devletten yana olanlar\u0131n da siyasi su\u00e7lulara cevap verme ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin yanl\u0131\u015f, oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klama hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu iki gruptan birisi s\u00f6z ya da \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131nda \u0130slam dini h\u00fck\u00fcmleriyle tayin olunan s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karsa, su\u00e7u adi su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Mesela, propaganda s\u0131ras\u0131nda zina iftiras\u0131nda bulunursa haddle, s\u00f6verse ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Siyasi su\u00e7lulardan birisi su\u00e7 te\u015fkil eden herhangi bir fiil i\u015flerse, su\u00e7u adi bir su\u00e7tur ve ona g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. (El Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.58. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60. E.Metalib, c.4\/1 12-1 14. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/376)Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, bir yeri kendilerine mekan edinebilme veya toplanabilme haklar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bir kanuni g\u00f6revden ka\u00e7\u0131nmad\u0131klar\u0131 yahut itaatten \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece bu hakka sahiptirler. Bu da halife Ali b. Ebi Talib\u2019in, haricilere kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir us\u00fcld\u00fcr. Nehrevan\u2019da, hariciler, Hz. Ali\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 muhalefet ettiler. Bunun \u00fczerine halife Ali, kendileriyle bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 yaparak ba\u015flar\u0131na, itaat ettikleri bir kimseyi vali tayin etti. Valiye bir m\u00fcddet itaatte bulundular ve nihayet onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Hz. Ali, katilin kendisine teslimini istedi. Hariciler de bunu kabul etmediler; \u201chepimiz birden o valiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fck\u201d dediler. \u0130taatten \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a isyanda bulununca Halife Hz. Ali onlarla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (D-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.48. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/152. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/53, 58. N.Muhtac, c.7\/383)\u0130mam Malik, \u015eafii ve Ahmed \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131, adillerle \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fart ka\u015farlar ve \u201ci\u015fte o zaman \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri m\u00fcbah olur\u201d derler. Ebu Hanife ise, siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n bir araya toplanmalar\u0131n\u0131n ve kanuni vecibelerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli olca\u011f\u0131, bu durumda siyasi su\u00e7lularla sava\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli sebep bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. (F.Kadir, c.4\/411)AYAKLANMA SIRASINDA VE SONRASINDA S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARIAyaklanma yahut i\u00e7 sava\u015f ba\u015flarsa, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, siyasi sulular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmelerini de\u011fil, sindirilmelerini hedef al\u0131r. Onlardan kim ileri at\u0131l\u0131rsa onunla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131r, geri \u00e7ekilip ka\u00e7an\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131r, yaralan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebebiyet vermez, onlardan silah\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakan\u0131 veya esir ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmez. (Di\u011fer hukuk\u00e7u imamlar\u0131n hilaf\u0131na Ebu Hanife, umumun yarar\u0131 gerektirirse esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir (El-Bahr\u00fc\u2019r-Raik, c.2\/153)). Mallar\u0131na el koymaz, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ve\u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc alt\u0131na almaz. Hz. Peygamber (sav)\u2019in \u201c\u0130slam \u00fclkesinde (Daru\u2019l \u0130slam) her \u015feye tecav\u00fcz yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d Duyurdu\u011fu rivayet olunur. (El-Ahkamu\u2019s Sultaniyye s. 49. El-Bahru\u2019r-Raik, c.5\/153. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/63. N.Muhta\u00e7, c.7\/386)Sava\u015f hali bitip ayaklanma sona erince devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n, adillerin elinde bulunan mallar\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015filerin zararlar\u0131n\u0131, zarar verenlere \u00f6dettirir, mallar\u0131n\u0131 iade ettirir. Siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckleri insan veya zarar verdikleri mallar heder olmu\u015ftur, yani siyasi su\u00e7lular onlardan sorumlu de\u011fillerdir. Fakat siyasi su\u00e7lular, isyan d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda adillerden \u00f6ld\u00fckleri ki\u015filerin can\u0131ndan ve mallar\u0131na verdikleri zararlardan sorumludurlar. Gerekli cezaya veya tazminata \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f tercih edilmi\u015ftir. Tercih edilmeyen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6reyse, siyasi su\u00e7lular, sava\u015fta zarar verdikleri her \u015feyi tazmin ederler. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn delili \u015fudur: \u0130syan hali, hakk\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, iptal edici de\u011fildir ve sorumlulu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmez. Birinci (tercih edilen) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcz tercihi \u015fudur;En b\u00fcy\u00fck kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k, anar\u015fi, Halife Hz. Ali ve Hz. Muaviye zaman\u0131nda meydana geldi\u011finden, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in ashab\u0131, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 yorumlayarak (te\u2019vil ederek), bir haram\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015f, bir mala zarar vermi\u015f ki\u015filere hadd cezas\u0131n\u0131n uygulamamas\u0131n\u0131, zarar verdi\u011fi bir mal i\u00e7in kendisine tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 konusunda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birli\u011fine varm\u0131\u015flar, icmada bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.Siyasi su\u00e7lular, m\u00fcnasip bir te\u2019ville (yorumla) sava\u015fa giri\u015fmi\u015f, devlet reisine itaatten ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir grup insand\u0131r. Binaenaleyh zarar verdiklerini adillere tazmin etmemelidirler, adiller de onlara verdikleri zarar\u0131 tazmin ile sorumlu tutulmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Zira siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131, verdikleri zararlar\u0131 tazminle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutmak, onlar\u0131 itaat alt\u0131na girmekten so\u011futur. (N.Muhtac. c.7\/387. El-Bahru\u2019r Raik, c.5\/153: \u015e:Zurkani, c.8\/61. El-Ahkamu\u2019s-Sultaniyye, s.11. E.Metalib. c.4\/1 14. El-Mu\u011fni, c.10\/60,61. E\u015f-\u015eerhu\u2019l Kebir, c.10\/61,62.)Siyasi su\u00e7lular, ayaklanma s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00f6ld\u00fcrme. Mallara zarar verme gibi su\u00e7lardan sorumlu olmamakla beraber, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 affetmezse ve kamu yarar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrse, itaatten \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kendilerini ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm olmamas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ko\u015farlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de yaral\u0131n\u0131n ve esirin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine m\u00fcsaade etmezler, m\u00fcbah g\u00f6rmezler. Binaenaleyh teslim olmu\u015f isyankar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine evveliyetle izin verilmez. Ebu Hanife ise, kamu menfaati i\u00e7in esirin ve ayaklanma eserinin kendilerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc siyasi su\u00e7lular\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin serbest oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. Bu fikre k\u0131yasen siyasi su\u00e7lu ta\u2019zir cezas\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. K\u0131sacas\u0131, ta\u2019zir su\u00e7lar\u0131nda hakimin yetkisi geni\u015ftir, bir\u00e7ok cezalar bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 veya tamam\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama yetkisi vard\u0131r.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/siyasi-suclularin-ayaklanma-oncesi-hak-ve-sorumluluklari\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Ana sayfa","item":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"S\u0130YAS\u0130 SU\u00c7LULARIN, AYAKLANMA \u00d6NCES\u0130 HAK VE SORUMLULUKLARI"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/","name":"Ebrar Medya","description":"Tarafs\u0131z De\u011fil, Hakk'tan Taraf\u0131z","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"tr"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#organization","name":"Ebrar Medya","url":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/logo-ebm-2.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/logo-ebm-2.png","width":244,"height":90,"caption":"Ebrar Medya"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ebrarmedyacom\/","https:\/\/twitter.com\/ebrarmedyacom","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/ebrarmedyacom","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/ebrar-medya-343157188\/","https:\/\/tr.pinterest.com\/ebrarmedya\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5a53b218dd86d97f12db00b5e1bcc3ce","name":"Zafer G\u00dcVEN","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cc80007e5f5368f7cad7757750f1b690?s=96&d=wavatar&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cc80007e5f5368f7cad7757750f1b690?s=96&d=wavatar&r=g","caption":"Zafer G\u00dcVEN"},"url":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/author\/zaferguven\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13333"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13333"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13333\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13335,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13333\/revisions\/13335"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13334"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13333"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13333"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ebrarmedya.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}