B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hamd kendisinden ba\u015fka ilah olmayan, mutlak manada tek g\u00fc\u00e7 ve kudret sahibi olan Allah\u2019a mahsustur. Salat ve selam t\u00fcm peygamberlerin ve onlar\u0131 takip eden tabilerinin \u00fczerine olsun.<\/p>\n

78- G\u00fcne\u015fin sarkmas\u0131ndan(91) gecenin kararmas\u0131na(92) kadar namaz\u0131 k\u0131l,(93) fecir vakti Kur’an’\u0131n\u0131 (namaz\u0131n\u0131) da;(94) \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc fecir vakti (namazda okunan) Kur’an’\u0131, i\u015fte o, \u015fahid olunand\u0131r.(95)<\/strong>
\n79- Gecenin bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda uyan\u0131p Tehecc\u00fcd(96) namaz\u0131 k\u0131l, bu sadece sana mahsus bir ibadettir.(97) Belki b\u00f6ylece Rabbin seni \u00f6v\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir makama ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.(98)<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00c7IKLAMA<\/strong><\/p>\n

91. Arap\u00e7a metindeki s\u00f6zleri “g\u00fcne\u015fin kaymas\u0131” diye terc\u00fcme ettik. Baz\u0131 sahabe ve tabiin bunun “g\u00fcne\u015fin bat\u0131\u015f\u0131” anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yler. Fakat sahabenin ve tabiinin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu bunun “g\u00fcne\u015fin zirveden kaymas\u0131” anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedirler. Hz. \u00d6mer, \u0130bn \u00d6mer, Enes bin Malik, Ebu Berzet el-Eslem\u00ee, Hasan Basri, \u015ea’bi, Ata, M\u00fccahid ve bir kavle g\u00f6re \u0130bn Abbas (Allah hepsinden raz\u0131 olsun) bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ftedir. Muhammed Bak\u0131r ve \u0130mam Cafer Sad\u0131k da bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ftedir. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131s\u0131ra, her ne kadar senedi kuvvetli de\u011filse de Hz. Peygamber’den (s.a) bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc destekler nitelikte hadisler de rivayet edilmi\u015ftir.
\n92. Baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re Arap\u00e7a metindeki kelimeler, “gecenin tamamen kararmas\u0131”, baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re de “gece yar\u0131s\u0131” anlam\u0131na gelir. Birinci g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f kabul edilirse bu, \u0130\u015fa (yats\u0131) namazan\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 vakti, ikinci g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f kabul edilirse de yats\u0131 namaz\u0131n\u0131n vaktinin sona erdi\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131r anlam\u0131na gelir.
\n93. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara, engeller ve zorluklar anlat\u0131ld\u0131ktan hemen sonra namaz\u0131 ikame etmeleri emredilmektedir. Bu, zor durumlara g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs germek i\u00e7in gerekli olan dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ancak namazla elde edilebilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.
\n94. Fecr kelimesinin anlam\u0131 “\u015fafak”, yani “gecenin karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan sonra sabah\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131”d\u0131r. Burada “sabah\u0131n Kur’an’\u0131n\u0131 okumak”, sabah namaz\u0131 demektir. Kur’an baz\u0131 yerlerde “salat\u0131”, namaz\u0131 kastetmek i\u00e7in kullanm\u0131\u015f, bazen de namaz\u0131n herhangi belirli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc, t\u00fcm namaz\u0131 kastetmek i\u00e7in kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin tesbih, hamd, zikir, k\u0131yam, r\u00fcku, s\u00fccud. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde “sabah\u0131n Kur’an’\u0131n\u0131 okumak” sadece Kur’an okumak demek de\u011fil bilakis namaz s\u0131ras\u0131nda okumak demektir. B\u00f6ylece Kur’an salat\u0131 olu\u015fturan b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri salat yerine kullanm\u0131\u015f ve Hz. Peygamber’in (s.a) , bu g\u00fcn m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekilde namaz\u0131 form\u00fcle etmesine yol g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.
\n95. Hadislerde a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re sabah namaz\u0131na melekler \u015fahitlik eder. Melekler her namaz\u0131 ve her iyi ameli g\u00f6zledi\u011fi halde, sabah namaz\u0131na verilen \u00f6zel \u00f6nemi g\u00f6sterir. Bu nedenle Hz. Peygamber (s.a) sabah namaz\u0131nda Kur’an’dan \u00e7ok uzun b\u00f6l\u00fcmler okurdu. Onun \u00f6rne\u011fini sahabe de devam ettirmi\u015f ve sonraki alimler bunu m\u00fcstehap g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir.
\nBu ayetle, Mi’rac’ta belirli vakitler i\u00e7in farz k\u0131l\u0131nan namaz\u0131n nas\u0131l k\u0131l\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 k\u0131saca ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk namaz\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015fin do\u011fmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce ve geri kalan d\u00f6rt namaz\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015fin kaymas\u0131ndan gecenin karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kadar olan zamanda k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi bildirilmi\u015ftir. Daha sonra Cebrail (a.s) gelmi\u015f ve Hz. Peygamber’e (s.a) her namaz vaktinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015ftir. Ebu Davud ve Tirmizi’de kaydedilen \u0130bn Abbas’tan rivayet edilen bir hadise g\u00f6re Hz. Peygamber (s.a) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: “Cebrail bana be\u015f vakit namaz\u0131 Kabe’nin yan\u0131nda iki kez k\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130lk g\u00fcnde Zuhr’u (\u00f6\u011flen namaz\u0131) hemen g\u00fcne\u015fin zirveden kayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve her\u015feyin g\u00f6lgesinin \u00e7ok k\u0131sa oldu\u011fu zamanda k\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131. Sonra Asr’\u0131 (ikindi namaz\u0131) her\u015feyin g\u00f6lgesinin kendi boyuna e\u015fit oldu\u011fu zamanda k\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131. Ma\u011frib’i (ak\u015fam namaz\u0131) orucun iftar edildi\u011fi zamanda, \u0130\u015fa’y\u0131 (yats\u0131 namaz\u0131) alaca karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kayboldu\u011fu zamanda ve Fecri (sabah namaz\u0131) oru\u00e7 tutmak isteyenin yemek ve i\u00e7mesinin haram oldu\u011fu zamanda k\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131. Ertesi g\u00fcn Zuhr’u her\u015feyin g\u00f6lgesinin kendi boyuna e\u015fit oldu\u011fu, Asr’\u0131 her\u015feyin g\u00f6lgesinin kendisinin iki kat\u0131 oldu\u011fu zamanda k\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131. Ma\u011frib’i bir \u00f6nceki g\u00fcn gibi k\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131, \u0130\u015fa’y\u0131 gecenin \u00fc\u00e7te biri ge\u00e7tikten sonra, Fecr’i de ayd\u0131nl\u0131k ortal\u0131\u011fa yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda k\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131. Bundan sonra Cebrail bana d\u00f6nd\u00fc ve dedi ki: “Ey Muhammed, bunlar peygamberlerin k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 namazlar\u0131n vakitleridir. En do\u011fru vakit tayini iki vakit aras\u0131nda olan\u0131d\u0131r. “Cebrail’in ilk g\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 namaz vaktin ba\u015f\u0131, ikinci g\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 namaz vaktin sonudur. Buradaki son ifade, ikisinin ortas\u0131n\u0131n daha kolay tespit edebilece\u011fine i\u015faret etmektedir.
\nKur’an’da bu be\u015f vakit namaza \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerde i\u015faret edilir:
\n1) “G\u00fcnd\u00fcz\u00fcn iki taraf\u0131nda ve gecenin yak\u0131n saatlerinde namaz k\u0131l.” (Hud: 114)
\n2) “… G\u00fcne\u015fin do\u011fu\u015fundan \u00f6nce (Fecr) ve bat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce (Asr) Rabbini hamd ile tesbih et. Gecenin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcmde (\u0130\u015fa) ve g\u00fcnd\u00fcz\u00fcn u\u00e7lar\u0131nda (Fecr, Zuhr, ve Ma\u011frib) tesbihte bulun.” (Taha: 130)
\n3) “\u00d6yleyse ak\u015fama girdi\u011finiz vakit de, sabaha erdi\u011finiz vakit de Allah’\u0131 tesbih edip (y\u00fcceltin) . Hamd O’nundur, g\u00f6klerde de yerde de, g\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda da (Asr) ve \u00f6\u011fleye erdi\u011finiz vakit (Zuhr) de.” (Rum: 17-18) .
\nNamaz\u0131n zamanlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6yle belirlenmesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hikmet vard\u0131r. Bunlardan biri g\u00fcne\u015fe tapanlar\u0131n ibadet ettikleri zamanlarda namaz k\u0131lmamakt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00fcne\u015f her \u00e7a\u011fda m\u00fc\u015friklerin en b\u00fcy\u00fck il\u00e2hlar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015ftur, onlar da genellikle g\u00fcne\u015fin bat\u0131m\u0131nda ve do\u011fumunda ibadet ederlerdi. Bu nedenle bu iki vakitte namaz tamamen yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131s\u0131ra onlar g\u00fcne\u015fin tam zirvede oldu\u011fu zeval vaktinde de ibadet ederlerdi. Bu nedenle \u0130sl\u00e2m, m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara g\u00fcnd\u00fcz k\u0131l\u0131nan iki namazdan birini g\u00fcne\u015f do\u011fmadan \u00f6nce (Fecr) di\u011ferini de g\u00fcne\u015f zirveden kayd\u0131ktan sonra (Zuhr) k\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 emretmi\u015ftir. Hz. Peygamber (s.a) de namaz vakitlerinin hikmetini hadislerde a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mesela Amr \u0130bn Abese’den rivayet edilen hadiste Hz. Peygamber (s.a) bu konuyla ilgili bir soruya \u015f\u00f6yle cevap vermi\u015ftir: “Sabah namaz\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131n, fakat g\u00fcne\u015f tam do\u011fmak \u00fczere iken y\u00fckselinceye kadar namaz k\u0131lmaktan sak\u0131n\u0131n. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015feytan\u0131n boynuzlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndan do\u011far ve kafirler o zaman ona secde ederler.”
\n\u0130kindi namaz\u0131ndan bahsettikten sonra da \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: “\u0130kindi namaz\u0131ndan sonra g\u00fcne\u015f bat\u0131ncaya kadar namazdan sak\u0131n\u0131n. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00fcne\u015f \u015feytan\u0131n boynuzlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndan batar ve kafirler o zaman ona secde ederler.” (M\u00fcslim)
\nG\u00fcne\u015fin \u015feytan\u0131n boynuzlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndan do\u011fup batmas\u0131 bu hadiste sembolik bir anlat\u0131md\u0131r. \u015eeytan\u0131n bu vakitlerde insanlar\u0131 sapt\u0131rmaya u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. \u015eeytan kafirlerin bu zamanlarda ibadet etmesine o denli sevinir ki, bunu onaylad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir belirtisi olarak sanki g\u00fcne\u015fi tepesinde ta\u015f\u0131r. Hadisin bir yorumu Hz. Peygamber’in (s.a) “Kafirler ona secde ederler” ifadesine dayanmaktad\u0131r.
\n96. “Tehecc\u00fcd””\u00fcn s\u00f6zl\u00fck anlam\u0131 uykuyu b\u00f6l\u00fcp kalkmakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle c\u00fcmle “tehecc\u00fcd namaz\u0131 k\u0131l” diye terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir, yani “gecenin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ge\u00e7ince uykudan kalk ve namaz k\u0131l.”
\n97. “Nafile” s\u00f6zl\u00fckte “zorunlu g\u00f6revin yan\u0131s\u0131ra yap\u0131lan bir \u015fey” anlam\u0131na gelir. Bu Tehecc\u00fcd’\u00fcn be\u015f vakit farz namaz\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.
\n98. “… Belki Rabbin seni \u00f6v\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir makama ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.” Sen hem bu d\u00fcnyada hem de ahirette \u00f6yle bir makama ula\u015f\u0131rs\u0131n ki, herkes sana kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6vg\u00fc ile dolu olur ve \u00f6v\u00fclen bir kimse olursun.” Bununla sanki \u015f\u00f6yle denilmek isteniyor: “\u015eimdi senin d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n sana adlar tak\u0131yorlar, t\u00fcm memlekette senin ad\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcye \u00e7\u0131karmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar ve sana iftiralar y\u00f6neltiyorlar. Fakat d\u00fcnyan\u0131n sana yap\u0131lan \u00f6vg\u00fcn\u00fcn yank\u0131lar\u0131yla d\u00f6nece\u011fi g\u00fcnler \u00e7ok uzak de\u011fil ve ahirette de b\u00fct\u00fcn yarat\u0131lanlar seni \u00f6vg\u00fc ile anacaklar.” Hz. Peygamber’in (s.a) k\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fcnde \u015fefaat etme makam\u0131na y\u00fckseltilmesi de \u00f6v\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f makam\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u0130SM\u0130LLAH\u0130RRAHMAN\u0130RRAH\u0130M Hamd kendisinden ba\u015fka ilah olmayan, mutlak manada tek g\u00fc\u00e7 ve kudret sahibi olan Allah\u2019a mahsustur. Salat ve selam t\u00fcm peygamberlerin ve onlar\u0131 takip eden tabilerinin \u00fczerine olsun. 78- G\u00fcne\u015fin sarkmas\u0131ndan(91) gecenin kararmas\u0131na(92) kadar namaz\u0131 k\u0131l,(93) fecir vakti Kur’an’\u0131n\u0131 (namaz\u0131n\u0131) da;(94) \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc fecir vakti (namazda okunan) Kur’an’\u0131, i\u015fte o, \u015fahid olunand\u0131r.(95) 79- Gecenin bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":12680,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n